The magnetic field (MF) is considered as a biophysical treatment to change the growth and development parameters. Current research was carried out to evaluate the effect of different intensities of MF (0, 45, 60, 70 and 75 mT) on seed germination and some morphologic and physiologic parameters of RUDBECKIA HIRTA L. in dry and humid conditions for 30 min. Results showed that the MF treatment increased germination percentage of dry seeds more than humid seeds and control. The intensity of 70 mT induced the maximum content of germination of dry seeds (95. 40%). The MF decreased the seeds germination rate in both dry and humid conditions, as the control seeds showed the highest germination rate (3. 5 days). Investigation of all morphologic traits like plantlet length and vigor index and physiologic (humid and dry weights of plantlet) revealed that the MF caused more induction of growth in these traits than the control. Totally, the use of 70 mT MF on dry seeds for optimum growth and development in RUDBECKIA HIRTA L. is recommended.

Asteraceae family due to compounds such as flavonoids, Saponyn, steroids, alkaloids and glycosides are a lot of attention. Effective compounds in this family are sesquiterpen major metabolites which are considered responsible for the antimicrobial activity. In this study of antibacterial extracts ethanol, methanol and aquatic extracts are produced from the aerial organs (stem, leaf), flowers and roots of the two species of Aster tartaricus L. and Rhudbeckia HIRTA L. Some microorganisms such as, Kelebsiella  pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E. coli, Bacillus anthracis and Streptococcus pyogenes were evaluated. The methods are used in this survey include measuring the growth inhibition zone diameter and MIC. The results showed that methanol and ethanol extracts have more inhibition effect than extract aquatic on microorganism. The ethanol extract prepared from various parts of plants and it showed that has more effect than methanol extracts on the growth of microorganisms. Between the two species in three parts plant, Aster tartaricus flowers, shoots and roots has been with more inhibition effect on microorganisms.

Purpose: Seed germination and seedling growth are recognized as the most sensitive stages of salinity for the majority of plant species. This experiment aimed to characterize the impact of various salinity levels on selected ornamental plants from the Asteraceae family including Gazannia splendens, RUDBECKIA HIRTA, Ageratum houstonianum, Gaillardia aristata, and Coreopsis grandiflora during the seed germination stage. Research method: Five independent experiments were conducted in a completely randomized design (CRD), comprising seven treatments with different concentrations of sodium chloride (0, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mM) in four replications using Petrie plates. Findings: The salinity of 120 mM significantly reduced the seed germination percentage in G. splendens, G. aristata, and C. grandiflora, compared to the other species. A. houstanianum exhibited a stimulating effect on seed germination percentage with salinity levels ranging from 20 mM to 80 mM. Salinity stress at a concentration of 120 mM had negatively affected vegetative traits in A. houstonianum, R. HIRTA, G. aristata, and C. grandiflora, inhibiting the growth of plumule in A. houstonianum and C. grandiflora. However, traits like plumule length and seedling length in G. splendens remained unaffected by salinity. Research limitations: No limitations were identified. Originality/Value: Results demonstrate varied responses of ornamental plants to different salinity levels. R. HIRTA exhibited superior performance in seed germination and early seedling stages compared to other plants.

In this study, the autecology of Hyparrhenia HIRTA was studied in rangeland ecosystems of Khuzestan province. All vegetation maps were prepared using topographic maps at a scale of 1:50000 and than all habitat characteristics including topography, climate, and soil, as well as associated species, presence, roots, phenology, regeneration, palatability, and frequency were studied. The results showed that Hyparrhenia HIRTA grows at altitudes of 60 to 900 meters above sea level in the steppe and semi-steppe regions. The highest density of Hyparrhenia HIRTA is at altitudes of 300 to 600 meters above sea level. The soil texture is sandy with gravel. The average rainfall was 320 mm annually and air temperature varied between 24.5- 26.5oC. Vegetative growth was observed from late September to the end of December. Seed ripening and seed dispersal occurs in the second half of May and in June, respectively. The roots of Hyparrhenia HIRTA are widespread in horizontal and vertical directions and vertical growth is limited under heavy grazing. This plant is not palatable; however, in the absence of palatable plants, it is used by livestock.

Background: Hypertension is a major public health concern worldwide, contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. The use of plant-based therapies, such as Euphorbia HIRTA and Leptadenia hastata, has gained attention for their potential antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, and organ-protective effects.  Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the phytotherapeutic approach to hypertension using E. HIRTA and L. hastata extracts in adrenaline-induced hypertensive Wistar rats Methods: Utilizing an adrenaline-induced hypertensive rat model, we assessed the effects of E. HIRTA and L. hastata leaf extracts (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) on systolic blood pressure, renal function, lipid metabolism, and hematological parameters. Results: Antioxidant activity: Increased levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. Lipid profiles: Reduced levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol. Liver function tests (LFTs): Decreased levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase. Hematological parameters: Improved red blood cell count, hemoglobin, and packed cell volume (PCV). Conclusion: This preclinical investigation provides compelling evidence for the antihypertensive potential of E. HIRTA and L. hastata leaf extracts, validating their traditional use. These findings underscore the promise of these natural products as adjunctive therapeutics for hypertension management, warranting further clinical investigation.

Background and objectives: Rapid germination of margin plants, including: Zinnia, calandula, carnation, daisy, gazania and RUDBECKIA accelerates the creation of landscape (green lands). Priming is one of the increasing and accelerating treatments of seed germination. During priming, the seeds absorb water so that the early stages of seed germination is done, but does not appear the radicle. Priming causes to uniformity of germination and shorten the time from planting to emergence and seed protection against biotic and abiotic factors in the critical stage of seedling establishment (growth and development). Chemical compounds penetrate into the embryo and stimulate metabolic activity often effective in inducing germination. Since the rapid preparation of seasonal plants is important in successful landscape creation, Therefore, objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of seed priming on germination of some seasonal and margin planting ornamental seeds.Materials and methods: Two-factor factorial experiment in a completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications had been carried out to evaluate the effect of seed priming on seed germination indices of 6 seasonal plants including: calandula (Calandula officinalis L.), carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.), zinnia (Zinnia elegans L.), daisy (Bellis perennis L.), gazania (Gazania splendens L.) and RUDBECKIA (RUDBECKIA HIRTA L.). Treatments consisted of control, 50 mgl-1 gibberellin, NaCl 1% and distilled water. Evaluated traits were germination percent, seed germination value, germination rate, daily mean germination and daily peak germination. Germination curve of trial plants was drawn under different treatments.Results: The results showed that carnations, zinnia and daisy have the highest percentage of germination and the lowest germination was related to Gazania. Among the priming treatments, Priming with water have the highest germination and maximum germination percentage (PV). In interaction effects, "daisy × without priming" had the highest impact on the germination percentage (ger %), mean daily germination (MDG), germination value (GV), number of germination per day and the maximum percentage of seed germination (Ger %). "Daisy × priming with NaCl 1%" (hallo-priming) had the highest impact on germination percentage and seeds mean germination.Conclusion: Based on results, response of various species seeds to priming treatments was not the same, but priming generally causes to improve of seed germination. In this research, hydro-priming (priming with water) resulted in maximum germination, since hydro-priming is simple, cheap and without chemicals, we can suggest this manner to propagators.

In order to investigate chemical control of weeds in nursery of orange coneflower and moss rose two experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications in 2011. Treatments were Per-plant trifluralin (EC48 percent) with and without incorporation with soil at 0.2 and 0.3 ml/m2, Per-emergence and Post-emergence oxyfluorfen (EC24 percent) at 0.2 and 0.3 ml/m2, Pre-plant chlorthal-dimethyl (WP48 percent) at one g/m2, two-times hand weeding, weedy and without weed control. Results showed that the use of all herbicide avoided germination of moss rose, thus chemical control of weeds was not recommended. In orange coneflower, kochia, pigweed, lamb'squarters, purslane (broad-leaf weeds) and monocots were controlled by terifluralin, but poor control of common mallow, velvetleaf and venice mallow was achieved. Chlorthal-dimethyl had less efficiency in control of broad-leaf and grass weeds comparing to other herbicides. The best treatment for the control of weeds in the nursery of orange coneflower was trifluralin + hand weeding.